广东省揭阳市土壤铅的空间分布特征及影响因素     

臧传子  温汉辉  蔡立梅  罗杰  徐述邦  梅敬娴 《现代地质》2021,35(5):1425-1432

以广东省揭阳市土壤为研究对象,采集了表层土壤(0~20 cm)样1 330个和深层土壤(>150 cm)样331个,测定了土壤Pb含量。利用GIS空间分析技术、半变异函数拟合和方差分析等方法研究土壤Pb含量的空间结构、特征和影响因素。结果显示: 揭阳市不存在明显的土壤Pb污染,表层土壤Pb含量平均值39.26 mg/kg,低于揭阳市土壤Pb背景值(43.71 mg/kg),略高于广东省土壤Pb背景值(36.00 mg/kg);富集因子表明研究区表层土壤Pb富集程度主要为无富集和轻微富集,分别占52.11%和42.63%,Pb富集不明显;研究区表层土壤Pb空间分布呈中等自相关性;表层土壤Pb高值区主要分布在人类活动影响强烈的东部和南部地区。按土地利用、成土母质、土壤类型及其理化性质的分类统计表明,林地及未利用地表层土壤Pb含量最高;页岩风化形成的土壤Pb含量显著高于其他成土母质区土壤;黄壤Pb含量相对较高;有机碳和pH值均与土壤Pb含量呈显著正相关。  相似文献   

Reservoir Characteristics and Genetic Mechanisms of the Mesozoic Granite Buried Hills in the Deep‐water of the Qiongdongnan Basin,Northern South China Sea     

YOU Li  XU Shouli  MAO Xuelian  ZHONG Ji  JIAO Yaoqi  XIONG Xiaofeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):259-267

Due to its structure,rock and mineral composition,fluid and other factors,the granite Buried Hill Reservoir is highly heterogeneous with a complex longitudinal structure and a reservoir space made up of a combination of dissolution pores and fractures.This paper is based on current understanding of tectonic evolution in the northern part of the South China Sea,in conjunction with the seismic phase characteristics.It is determined that the meshed fault system was formed by three stages of movement-tectonic compression orogeny during the Indochinese epoch,strike-slip compression-tension during the Yanshanian Period,early fracture extension activation during the Himalayan-which controlled the distribution of the Buried Hill Reservoir.Drilling revealed two types of buried hills,faulted anticline and fault horst,their longitudinal structure and the reservoir space type being significantly different.The mineral composition,reservoir space and diagenetic characteristics of the reservoir rocks and minerals were analyzed by lithogeochemistry,micro section and logging etc.,it thus being determined that the Mesozoic rocks of the Songnan Low Uplift in the Qiongdongnan Basin are mainly composed of syenogranite,granodiorite,monzogranite,which is the material basis for the development of the Buried Hill Reservoir.The content of felsic and other brittle minerals is more than 70%,making it easy for it to be transformed into fractures.At the same time,the weathering resistance of granodiorite and monzogranite is weaker than that of syenogranite,which is easily weathered and destroyed,forming a thick sand gravel weathering zone.With increasing depth of burial,weathering and dissolution gradually weaken,the deep acidic fluid improving the reservoir property of internal fractures and expanding the vertical distribution range of the reservoirs.The research results lay a foundation for the exploration of Buried Hill in the deep-water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin.  相似文献   

Distribution Prediction of Middle-deep Lacustrine Source Rocks in Eocene Wenchang Formation in the Kaiping Sag,Pearl Mouth Basin     

XIONG Lianqiao  XIE Xiaojun  ZHAO Zhao  ZHANG Chunyu  WANG Long  LIAO Jihu  CAI Lulu  XU Wei 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):248-258

Oil and gas shows are rich in drilling wells in Kaiping sag,however,large oilfield was still not found in this area.For a long time,it is thought that source rocks were developed in the middle-deep lacustrine facies in the Eocene Wenchang Formation,while there is no source rocks that in middle-deep lacustrine facies have been found in well.Thickness of Wenchang Formation is big and reservoirs with good properties could be found in this formation.Distribution and scale of source rock are significant for further direction of petroleum exploration.Distribution characterization of middle-deep lacustrine facies is the base for source rock research.Based on the sedimentary background,fault activity rate,seismic response features,and seismic attributes were analyzed.No limited classification method and multi-attributes neural network deep learning method were used for predicting of source rock distribution in Wenchang Formation.It is found that during the deposition of lower Wenchang Formation,activity rate of main fault controlling the sub sag sedimentation was bigger than 100 m/Ma,which formed development background for middle-deep lacustrine facies.Compared with the seismic response of middle-deep lacustrine source rocks developed in Zhu I depression,those in Kaiping sag are characterized in low frequency and good continuity.Through RGB frequency decomposition,areas with low frequency are main distribution parts for middle-deep lacustrine facies.Dominant frequency,instantaneous frequency,and coherency attributes of seismic could be used in no limited classification method for further identification of middle-deep lacustrine facies.Based on the limitation of geology knowledge,multi-attributes of seismic were analyzed through neural network deep learning method.Distribution of middle-deep lacustrine facies in the fourth member of Wenchang Formation is oriented from west to east and is the largest.Square of the middle-deep lacustrine facies in that member is 154 km²and the volume is 50 km³.Achievements could be bases for hydrocarbon accumulation study and for exploration target optimization in Kaiping sag.  相似文献   

云南省者竜—嘎洒地区Cr、Ni地球化学特征及土壤污染风险防控建议     

吴松  陈政  李元彬  黄钊  张林  许胜超  王开贵 《物探与化探》2021,(2):517-527

依据云南省者竜—嘎洒地区土地质量地球化学调查数据,研究了表层土壤中Cr、Ni地球化学特征及主要影响因素,分析了农产品Cr、Ni含量特征。结果表明,研究区表层土壤中Cr、Ni含量受控于地质背景,光山—和平丫口岩体(σ)发育的土壤中Cr、Ni含量明显高于其他地层发育的土壤;不同类型土壤中Cr、Ni含量差异较大,且土地利用方式也会对土壤中Cr、Ni含量产生一定影响;研究区玉米、柑橘、茶叶、甘蔗、香蕉、核桃等农产品Cr、Ni含量均未超标,仅11件水稻Cr含量超过国家标准,占水稻样品总数的11.3%,区内农产品安全性总体较好;区内农用地(水田、旱地、园地、草地)面积为554.73km²,其中无风险(含量低于筛选值)面积为408.61km²,占比为73.66%,风险可控(含量在筛选值与管制值之间)面积为112.96km²,占比为20.36%,风险较高(含量>管制值)面积为33.16km²,占比为5.98%,土壤环境质量总体较好。针对部分土壤存在Cr、Ni污染风险问题,从水土保持、施肥方式、水旱轮作等角度提出了污染防控措施建议。  相似文献   

Enrichment Patterns and New Discovery of Deep Lacustrine Shale Oil in the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation,Songliao Basin,NE China     

LIU Weibin  XU Xingyou  BAI Jing  LIU Chang  CHEN Shan  LI Yaohua 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(4):1426-1428

正Objective The Songliao Basin is located in northeastern China. The Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation(Fm.)(K2 qn), Yaojia Fm.(K2 y), and Nenjiang Fm.(K2 n) were deposited in its depression. The sediments are mainly continental clastic rocks. The first member of the Qingshankou Fm.(K2 qn1) in the southern Songliao Basin mainly comprises semi-deep to deep lacustrine shale of large thickness, generally 30,100 m, with wide distribution; the thickness of the shale has an average thickness of 70 m.  相似文献   

Comparative Study of Acid and Alkaline Stimulants with Granite in an Enhanced Geothermal System     

XU Jianan  FENG Bo  CUI Zhenpeng  LIU Xiyao  KE Zunsong  FENG Guanhong 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(6):1926-1939

The Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) is an artificial geothermal system that aims to economically extract heat from hot dry rock (HDR) through the creation of an artificial geothermal reservoir. Chemical stimulation is thought to be an effective method to create fracture networks and open existing fractures in hot dry rocks by injecting chemical agents into the reservoir to dissolve the minerals. Granite is a common type of hot dry rock. In this paper, a series of chemical stimulation experiments were implemented using acid and alkaline agents under high temperature and pressure conditions that mimic the environment of formation. Granite rock samples used in the experiments are collected from the potential EGS reservoir in the Matouying area, Hebei, China. Laboratory experimental results show that the corrosion ratio per unit area of rock is 3.2% in static acid chemical experiments and 0.51% in static alkaline chemical experiments. The permeability of the core is increased by 1.62 times in dynamic acid chemical experiments and 2.45 times in dynamic alkaline chemical experiments. A scanning electron microscope analysis of the core illustrates that secondary minerals, such as chlorite, spherical silica, and montmorillonite, were formed, due to acid-rock interaction with plagioclase being precipitated by alkaline-rock interactions. Masking agents in alkaline chemical agents can slightly reduce the degree of plagioclase formation. A chemical simulation model was built using TOUGHREACT, the mineral dissolution and associated ion concentration variation being reproduced by this reactive transport model.  相似文献   

北京平原区土壤地球化学特征及影响因素分析     

李欢  黄勇  张沁瑞  贾三满  徐国志  冶北北  韩冰 《物探与化探》2021,(2):502-516

基于北京平原区土壤地球化学调查数据,运用数理统计、因子分析、相关性分析、回归分析等方法研究了土壤元素的横向和纵向分布特征,并探讨其影响因素。结果表明:北京平原区土壤CaO、MgO、Na 2O、Hg、Cd、Sr、Ba、Sn等含量偏高,Sb、As、Th、W、Br、U、I、Mo、有机质等含量偏低。R型因子分析结果显示,F1因子为反映土壤原始背景特征的元素组合,F2、F4、F6因子为反映人类活动对土壤元素分布特征影响的元素组合,F3因子为反映成土母质基本信息的元素组合,F5因子为反映成土母岩基本特征的元素组合。利用一元非线性回归分析对部分元素的垂向分布特征进行数学建模,回归系数R 2值为0.542~0.960,拟合效果总体较好;从区域尺度上初步判断出人类活动对重金属元素Cu、Hg、Pb、Zn影响深度约150~200 cm,对养分指标N、P、S、Se、有机质影响深度约50~100 cm。一般情况下,褐土中Se、Bi、Li、有机质、Mo、W等39项元素与指标的含量高于潮土,不同土壤质地中As、Cd、Cr、Ni、N、B等29项元素含量的大小关系为:砂质壤土<砂质黏壤土<黏壤土<壤质黏土,耕地土壤中Cd、N、P、有机质含量明显高于林地,中心城区土壤中有害重金属元素、养分指标的含量普遍高于郊区。  相似文献   

Geochemistry and Tectonic History of Seamount Remnants in the Xingshuwa Subduction Accretionary Complex of the Xar Moron Area,Eastern Margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt     

CHENG Yang  XIAO Qinghui  LI Tingdong  LI Yan  FAN Yuxu  XU Liquan  GUO Lingju  PANG Jinli 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(4):1086-1098

This study focuses on the geology, geochemistry, zircon U-Pb geochronology and tectonic settings of the three types of seamount basalts from the Xingshuwa subduction accretionary complex in the Xar Moron area, eastern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB). The seamount remnants are composed of carbonate 'cap' sediments, large volumes of pillow and massive basalts, carbonate breccia slope facies and radiolarian cherts. Group 1 basalts are characterized by high contents of P2 O5 and TiO2 with alkaline affinity and LREE enrichment, indicating that they are derived from intraplate magma. Group 2 basalts display N-MORB LREE depletion patterns, indicating that they were formed at a mid-ocean ridge. Group 3 basalts have shown distinct Nb depletion and high Th/Yb ratios, indicating that they were generated in an island arc tectonic setting. The zircon U-Pb age of Group 1 basalt sample XWT18-131 is 576.4 ± 9.4 Ma, suggesting that the oceanic island seamount was the product of intraplate magmatism related to a mantle plume or 'hot spot' in the late Neoproterozoic. The zircon U-Pb age of Group 2 basalt sample XWT18-132 is 483 ± 22 Ma, indicating that the Paleo-Asian Ocean(PAO) was continuously expanding in the Early Ordovician. The zircon U-Pb age of Group 3 basalt sample XWT18-101 is 240.5 ± 8.2 Ma, suggesting that this area underwent the evolutionary path of ocean-continent transition, developing towards continentalization during the Middle Triassic. Thus, we believe that there was both mantle plume-related intraplate magmatism and intraoceanic subduction during the evolution of the PAO, the CAOB possibly being an evolutionary model of an intraoceanic subduction and mantle plume magmatism complex.  相似文献   

渤海湾盆地石臼坨东428潜山构造成因解析:华北克拉通破坏的深度揭示     

王宇  徐春强  郭玲莉  刘永江  王光增  刘博  李三忠  关庆彬  蒋立伟  陈昭旭  李法坤  周琦杰  袁菁莲 《大地构造与成矿学》2021,45(1):219-228

渤海湾盆地是在中生代华北克拉通破坏基础上,经由新生代深埋形成的叠合盆地,遭受了多期不同性质构造叠加改造。渤海海域油气资源的勘探逐步走向深层,深部潜山油气藏成为重要的勘探目标。本文以石臼坨东428潜山构造(以下简称428构造)为例,探索渤海湾盆地潜山的形成和构造演化。基于前人对渤海湾盆地内构造和储层特征的研究成果,通过对地震剖面的精确解析,结合相干切片和其他地质资料,系统研究428构造各个阶段的变形特征,特别是对428构造的断裂特征进行了平面和剖面上的解析与断裂组合分析。结果发现:428构造东、西侧现今差异主要是由一条斜跨该构造的NEE向断裂导致的,对比邻区野外应变测量分析,识别出五期构造应力场,分别对应于印支期、燕山期和喜山期的各阶段应力场变化,并结合428构造及其周缘残留地层等方面的证据,进而认为428构造经历了中生代印支期-燕山早期逆冲、燕山中-晚期伸展、燕山末期挤压及新生代右行右阶的走滑-拉分构造叠加的多期复合构造模式。  相似文献   

苏门答腊中部Panti早始新世S型花岗岩地球化学特征及其新特提斯构造意义     

余小清  钱鑫  张玉芝  徐畅  王岳军 《大地构造与成矿学》2021,45(3):570-585

苏门答腊地处特提斯构造域与印度洋岛弧系统之内,区内广泛发育中-新生代火成岩.这些火成岩对特提斯构造带的延伸及界定具有重要意义,但目前对于苏门答腊岛的研究程度较低.本文选取苏门答腊岛中部Panti地区的花岗岩进行了岩相学、锆石年代学、锆石原位Hf同位素和全岩地球化学研究.年代学研究表明,Panti花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为55.5±0.3 Ma.该套花岗岩具有高SiO2(76.61％～78.37％)和高碱(Na2O+K2O=7.47％～8.21％)的特征,其分异指数(DI)为95～96,A/CNK为1.08～1.12,为高分异S型花岗岩.稀土配分模式图及微量元素蛛网图显示其具有强烈的Eu负异常(Eu/Eu*=0.04～0.05),并亏损Nb、Ta、Sr、P和Ti的特征.且该套花岗岩还具有高Rb/Sr和低CaO/Na2O值,同时显示富集的锆石Hf同位素组成(εHf(t)=-9.1～-2.6)和较老的Hf二阶模式年龄(tDM2=1.29～1.70 Ga),这些特征均指示该套花岗岩来源于古老的变泥质岩的部分熔融.对比缅甸-滇西-藏南一带同时期的岩浆事件,我们认为Panti早始新世高分异S型花岗岩可与滇西腾梁和东盈江同时期花岗岩进行对比,指示了新特提斯构造岩浆带南延至苏门答腊中部.  相似文献